喬治三世給乾隆的國書中英對照

jahari

我很少發這種日誌, 不過這篇太喜感了他妹的, 大晚上的把我笑精神了.
中文譯文出處：,<英吉利國王表文譯文>，中國第一歷史檔案館編《英使馬戛爾尼訪華檔案史料匯編》，北京：國際文化出版公司，1996
英文版出處：H. B. Morse, The Chronicles, Vol. II, pp. 244-247

His Most Sacred Majesty George the Third, by the Grace of God King of Great Britain, France and Ireland, Sovereign of the Seas, Defender of the Faith and so forth, To the Supreme Emperor of China Kien-long worthy to live tens of thousands and tens of thousands thousand years, sendeth Greeting.
　　　英吉利國王熱沃爾日敬奏
　　中國
大皇帝萬萬歲：熱沃爾日第三世，蒙天主恩英吉利國大紅毛及佛朗西依拜爾呢雅國王、海主，恭惟
大皇帝萬萬歲，應該坐殿萬萬年。
The natural disposition of a great and benevolent Sovereign, such as is Your Imperial Majesty, whom Providence has seated upon a Throne for the good of Mankind, is, to watch over the peace and security of his dominion, and to take pains for disseminating happiness, virtue and knowledge among his subjects, extending also the same beneficence with all the peaceful arts, as far as he is able, to the whole human race.
本國知道中國地方甚大，管的百姓甚多，大皇帝的心裏長把天下的事情、各處的人民時時照管，不但中國地方，連外國的地方都要保護他。他們又都心裏悅服，內外安寧。各國所有各樣學問、各樣技藝，大皇帝恩典都照管他們，叫他們盡心出力，又能長進生發、變通精妙。
Impressed with such sentiments from the beginning of Our Reign when We found Our People engaged in War We granted to Our enemies, after obtaining Victories over them in the four quarters of the World the blessings of Peace upon the most equitable condition. Since that period not satisfied with promoting the prosperity of Our own subjects in every respect, and beyond the example of any former times We have taken various opportunities of fitting out Ships and sending in them some of the most wise and learned of Our Own People, for the discovery of distant and unkown region, not for the purpose of conquest, or of enlarging Our dominion which are already sufficiently extensive for all Our wishes, not for the purpose of acquiring wealth, or even of favoring the commerce of Our Subjects, but for the sake of increasing Our knowledge of the habitable Globe, of finding out the various production of the Earth, and for communicating the arts and comforts of life to those parts where they were hitherto little known; and We have since sent vessels with the animals and vegetables most useful to Man, to Islands and places where it appeared they had been wanting.
本國早有心要差人來，皆因本境四周地方俱不平安，耽擱多時。如今把四面的仇敵都平服了，本境平安，造了許多大船，差了許多明白的人，漂洋到各處。並不是想要添自己的國土，自己的國土也夠了，也不是為貪圖買賣便宜，但為著要見識普天下各地方有多少處，各處事情物件可以彼此通融，別國的好處我們能得著，我們的好處別國也能得著。恐各處地方，我們有知道不全的，也有全不知道的。從前的想頭要知道，如今蒙天主的恩可辦成了，要把各處的禽獸、草木、土物各件都要知道，要把四方十界的物件，各國相互交易，大家都得便宜。是以長想著要將各國的風俗禮法明白了。
We have been still more anxious to enquire into the arts and manners of Countries where civilization has been perfected by the wise ordinances and virtuous examples of their Sovereigns thro a long series of ages; and above all, Our ardent wish had been to become acquainted with those celebrated institution of Your Majesty’s populous and extensive Empire which have carried its prosperity to such a height as to be the admiration of all surrounding Nation –
如今聞得各處惟有中國大皇帝管的地方，一切風俗禮法比別處更高，至精至妙，實在是頭一處，各處也都贊美心服的。故此越發想念著來向化輸誠。
And now that We have by prudence and Justice avoided the calamities of War into which discord and ambition have plunged most of the other Kingdoms of Europe, and that by engaging Our Allies in Hindostan to put an end to hostilities occasioned by the attack of an ambious Neighbour, even when it was in Our power to destroy him, We have the happiness of being at peace with all the World, no time can be so propitious for extending the bounds of friendship and benebolence, and for proposing to communicate and receive those benefits which must result from an unreserved and amicable intercourse, between such great and civilzed Nation as China and Great Britain.
此時不單大西洋都平安，就是小西洋紅毛鄰國的人，他沒有理，同本國打仗，也都平復了。如今本國與各處全平安了，所以趁此時候，得與中國大皇帝進獻表貢，盼望得些好處。
Many of Our subjects have also frequented for a long time past a remote part of Your Majesty’s dominion for the purpose of Trade. No doubt, the interchange of commodities between Nation distantly situated tends to their mutual convenience, industry and wealth, as the blessings which the Great God of Heaven has conferred upon various soils and climates are thus distributed among his Creatures scattered over the surface of the Earth.
從前本國的許多人到中國海口來做買賣，兩下的人都能得好處。
But such an intercourse requires to be properly conducted, so as that the new Comers may not infringe the laws and Customs of the Country they visit, and that on the other hand they may be received on terms of hospitality and meet the Justice and protection due to Strangers. We are indeed equally desirous to restrain Our Subjects from doing evil or even of shewing ill example in any foreign Country, as We are that [they] should receive no injury in it.
但兩下往來，各處都有規矩，自然各守法度。惟願我的人到各處去，安分守規矩，不叫他們生事。但人心不一樣，如沒有一個人嚴嚴管束他們，就恐不能保其不生事。
There is no method of effecting so good a purpose, but by the residence of a proper Person authorized by Us to regulate their conduct and to receive complaints against them whenever they should give occasion for any to be made against them, as well as any they might conider as having just cause to make of ill treatment towards them.
By such means every misunderstanding may be prevented, every inconveniences removed, a firm and lasting friendship cemented and a return of mutual good offices secured between our respective Empires.
故此求與中國永遠平安和好，必得派一我國的人，帶我的權柄，住在中國地方，以便彈壓我們來的人。有不是，罰他們，有委曲，亦可護他們。這樣辦法，可保諸事平安。
All these conideration have determined Us to depute an Embassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to Your Court, and willing to make choice for this purpose of a Person truly worthy of representing Us and of appearing before Your August Presence We have fixed upon Our right trusty and well-beloved Cousin and Counsellor the Right Honorable George Lord Viscount Macartney, Baron of Lissanoure and one of Our most honorable Privy Council of Our Kingdom of Great Britain, Knight of the most honorable order of the Bath and of the most ancient and royal order of the White Eagle, and Fellow of Our Royal Society of London for the promotion of natural knowledge, a Nobleman of high rank and quality, of great virtue, wisdom and ability, who has filled many important offices in the State of trust and honor, has already worthily represented Our Person in an Embassy to the Court of Russia, and has governed with mildness, justice and success, several of Our most coniderable possession in the Eastern and western Parts of the World, and appointed to the Government General of Bengal, to be Our Embassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to Your Imperial Majesty with credentials under Our Great Seal of Our Kingdoms and Our Sign Manual, to whom We entreat Your Majesty to grant a gracious reception, as well as a favorable attention to his Representation.
我如今為這些緣故，特差一個人到中國來照管這些事情。要得一妥當明白的人，又有才學，又有權柄，又要到得大皇帝跟前對答上來的。故此我所派的熱沃爾日嗎哩格德呢公哩薩諾吧嚨，是本國王的親戚，忠信良善，議國事的大臣，身上帶的兩個恩典的憑據，從許多博學人裏挑出來一個大博學的人。他從前辦過多少大事，又到俄羅斯國出過差，又管過多少地方辦事，又到過小西洋本噶拉等處屬國地方料理過事情。這就是此次派的正貢使，到大皇帝駕前辦事。因他能辦差使，表文上有本國的印信為憑。所以叫他將表文呈進。在大皇帝駕前說話，如自己說話一般。如今求大皇帝見他，即同見我，與他說話，即同與我說話一樣，施恩典看待他。
And in order to avoid every possibility of interruption in this amicable communication which we wish to establish and maintain with Your sublime Person and Court, and which might happen after the departure of Our said Embassador Extraordinary whose presence may be necessary to Our Affairs elsewhere or in case of his death or ocassional absence from Your Capital, We have appointed Our trusty and well beloved Sir George Staunton, Bart., honorary Doctor of Laws of Our University of Oxford, and Fellow of Our Royal Society of London for the promotion of natural knowledge, whom We have appointed Our Secretary of Embassy under the direction of Our Embassador as a Gentleman of wisdom and knowledge who hath already served us with fidelity and zeal as a Member of Our honorable Council and Colonel of Militia in some of Our Dominion in the West Indies, and appointed by Us Our Attorney General in the same, and hath since exercised with ability and success the Office of Commissioner for treating and making Peace with Tippoo Sultaun, one of the most coniderable Princes of Hindostan, to be also Minister Plenipotentiary to Your August Person, with Credentials likewise under Our Great Seal, and for whom, in case of the death departure or occasional absence of Our said Embassador Extraordinary, We entreat in like manner Your Majesty’s gracious reception and attention to his Representation in Our name.
我又恐正貢使到正貢使那裏或有別的緣故，所以又派一副貢使臨時替他，也與正貢使一樣。熱沃爾日尋沃納多當東，這也是個體面人，他的博學會辦事，與正貢使一樣的。故此從前派他在海島平復過許多的事情，又到小西洋痕都斯坦國與那第博蘇渥爾當王講和過事。因他能辦這些事，能出力，故此派他同去，預備著好替正貢使辦事。再求大皇帝也與正貢使一樣恩待他。
We rely on Your Imperial Majesty’s wisdom and Justice and general benevolence to Mankind so conpicuous in Your long and happy reign that You will please to allow Our Ambassador and Representative at Your Court to have the opportunity of contemplating the example of Your virtues and to obtain such information of Your celebrated institution as will enable him to enlighten Our People on his return; He, on Our part being directed to give, as far as Your Majesty shall please to desire it, a full and free communication of any art, science, or observation, either of use or curiosity, which the industry ingenuity and experience of Europeans may have enabled them to acquire:
如今我國知道大皇帝聖功威德、公正仁愛的好處，故懇請將所差的人在北京城切近觀光，沐浴教化，以便回國時奉揚德政，化道本國眾人。至所差的人，如大皇帝用他的學問巧思，要他辦些事，做些精巧技藝，只管委他。或在內地辦不出來，還好寄信來，在大西洋各地方采辦得出來的。
And also that You will be pleased to ① allow to any of Our Subjects frequenting the Coasts of Your dominion, and conducting themselves with propriety a secure residence there, and a fair access to Your Markets, under such laws and regulation, as Your Majesty shall think right, and that their lives and properties shall be safe under Your Imperial protection: ② that one Man shall not suffer for the crime of another, in which he did not participate, and whose evasion for Justice he did not assist, but that every measure shall be taken on the part of your Government as Our Embassador is instructed strictly to direct to be taken on the part of Our People to seize and bring to condign Punishment, any of Our Subjects transgressing the laws or good order of Your Empire, or disturbing the Peace and friendship subsisting between Us.
我本國的人，或是在中國管的地方住著，或是來做買賣，若是他果能安分小心，求大皇帝加恩，他們都好仗著鴻福承受厚恩。他們若得了不是，即該處治。若並無不是，自然常受大皇帝的恩典。
We have particularly instructed Our Embassador to take every method in his Power to mark Our regard and friendly disposition to Your Imperial Majesty, and it will give Us the utmost satisfaction to learn that Our wishes in that respect have been amply complied with and that as We are Brethren in Soverignty, so may a Brotherly affection ever subsist between Us.
貢使起身，亦詳細囑咐他在大皇帝前小心敬慎，方顯得一片誠心，能得大皇帝喜歡，下懷亦得喜歡。
May the Almighty have you in his holy protection!
Given at Our Court at St. James’s in London the
                   And in the 32nd Year of Our Reign.
                       Imperator Augustissime
                       Vester bonus grater et Amicus
                               Georgius R
惟有禱求全善天主保護大皇帝常享太平之福，庇佑英吉利國永遠平安受福。
Augustissimo Principi
Kien Long
Sinarum Supremo Imperatori
天主降生一千七百九十二年
英吉利國王熱沃爾日三十二年

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